Как люди ледникового периода выживали среди гиен, пещерных медведей и львов

Ice Age caves were the best shelter on the frozen steppe, and very often somebody else's home. Hyenas raised their young in them. Cave bears slept the winter away in them. So how often did Ice Age people end up as the prey? And what do the bones really say? Follow Korr, our fictional Ice Age hunter, through the real evidence: - Kirkdale Cave, the hyena den that taught an early geologist to read bones; - cave bears of up to 1,500 pounds that mostly ate plants; - Teixoneres Cave, shared in turns by Neanderthals, bears, hyenas and wolves; - the Neanderthal child of Cova Negra; - the nine Neanderthals of Grotta Guattari and the hyena den that kept them; - the digested teeth of Marillac. Then the other side of the story. The Siegsdorf lion, more than 1,700 bear bones at Rio Secco and Fumane, many with butchery marks, the flint point in a cave bear's spine at Hohle Fels, and pendants made of wolf and fox teeth. And finally, how the cave hyena, the cave bear, the leopard and the cave lion disappeared from Ice Age Europe. Which animal would you least want to find inside that cave: the cave hyena, the cave bear, the cave lion, or the leopard? Chapters 00:00 A cave at dusk 01:08 Korr's world and its predators 02:33 The cave hyena 03:48 The cave bear 04:58 A cave shared in turns 05:38 How to live next to them 07:10 The child of Cova Negra 08:13 Nine Neanderthals in a hyena den 09:36 Teeth that were swallowed 11:02 Who hunted whom 12:50 Hides, meat and teeth 14:05 How the predators vanished 15:44 The skull on the rock 16:34 So, how often were we prey? Sources https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/italian-cave-holds-clues-neanderthal-life-180977687/ https://gizmodo.com/italian-cave-fossils-suggest-nine-neanderthals-were-fea-1846862843 https://abc17news.com/news/national-world/2021/05/11/gnawed-bones-of-9-neanderthals-found-in-italian-cave-in-extraordinary-discovery/ https://art.torvergata.it/handle/2108/327323 https://www.livescience.com/61664-neanderthal-teeth-digested-by-hyenas.html https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313538835 https://www.iphes.cat/en/neanderthals-were-attacked-large-carnivores https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12520-015-0248-1 https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/laelaps/well-spotted-a-new-look-at-the-cave-hyena/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkdale_Cave https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_hyena https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83741-9 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277379113004046 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277379124000611 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/fate-of-the-cave-bear-69538895/ https://source.washu.edu/2008/01/ancient-cave-bears-as-omnivorous-as-modern-bears-research-suggests/ https://uni-tuebingen.de/en/faculties/faculty-of-science/departments/geosciences/work-groups/prehistory-and-archaeological-sciences/ina/early-prehistory-quaternary-ecology/research/excavations/germany/hohle-fels/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618214007642 https://www.iflscience.com/neanderthals-ambushed-hibernating-cave-bears-for-their-pelts-meat-and-to-steal-their-caves-46802 https://archeologie.culture.gouv.fr/chauvet/en/skull-block https://phys.org/news/2018-04-cave.html https://www.news.uzh.ch/en/articles/2019/Cave-Bear.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-42764-0 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0163591 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_leopard https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277379115300524 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/11/141124074841.htm https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278416519301692 Credits Clips from Wikimedia Commons, trimmed and cropped: https://www.youtube.com/user/1001adventures, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=25323052 Neil Rickards, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=71955182 Lukas Beck, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=157757880 Damien-VICART, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=96636875 Nesnad, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=143711477 Rabbi Mendl, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=197378174 Google Webmasters, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=80345297 Азовский музей-заповедник, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=118964357 Saulo Andrade, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=102902525 NaIzletuSi ™, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=149919719 NaIzletuSi ™, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=150004907 Азовский музей-заповедник, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=118947680 Nesnad, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=131224215 Amir Zmora, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=46934039 Korr is a fictional character; the archaeological evidence is real and sourced above. Where scientists disagree, we say so. Illustrations are AI-generated and the narration uses an AI voice.